3/14/11

Look for more notes at the flowering plant lab

Difference between Monocots and Dicots:

Monocots:

• include orchids, palms, lilies, grains, and grasses.
• 1 cotyledon
• veins usually parallel
• Vascular bundles in scattered arrangement
• floral parts usually in multiples of 3
• Fibrous root system

Dicots:

• 2 cotyledons
• veins usually branched
• vascular bundles arranged in ring
• floral parts usually in multiples of 5
• taproot usually present

Roots: root hairs increase surface area of root for absorbtion. Large taproots-store food
Stems: Terminal bud is at apex of stem. It produces hormones making the plant grow up toward the sun.
3 kinds of stems:

1. Runner: horizontal stem, new plants emerge from tip of runner
2. Rhizome: Horizontal undergrowth stems, store food and can bud new plants
3. Tubers: rhizomes ending in large structures(potatoes)

Leaves:
Tendrils= modified leaves for climbing and support.
Parenchyma cells: most abundant cell, for food storage, only primary cell walls
Collenchyma cells: provide support in growing parts of plant, only primary cell walls
Sclerenchyma cells: have thick secondary walls with lignin(wood), when mature most are dead
2 plant vascular tissues:

1. Xylem: contains water conducting cells- move water and minerals up stem
2. Phloem: contains food conducting cells-transport sugars from leaves or storage tissue to other parts of plant

3 tissue systems continuous throughout plant:

1. Dermal: covers, protcts, waxy coating
2. Vascular: xylem and phloem, support and transport
3. Ground: bulk of young plant, fills spaces between epidermis and vascular

Pollination and double fertilization steps:

1. Pollination
2. Pollen form 2 sperm
3. sperm travel through a pollen tube to ovule
4. double fertilization occurs

next scribe: Davin