Wednesday, April 20, 2011

April 19. 2011

Notes:
GLYCOLYSIS:
  • 6 carbons in, 6 carbons out (glucose, 2 pyruvic acid)
  • 2 ATP needed at beginning as investment
  • 4 ATP released, 2 ATP gained at end
  • REMEMBER: break bond--> release energy. form bond--> store potential energy
GLYCOLYSIS TO KREBS CYCLE:
  • 2 Reactants: NAD+ and Coenzyme A
  • 3 Products: CO2, NADH (potential energy/energy carrier), Acetyl-CoA
KREBS CYCLE:
  • 6 carbons in, 6 carbons out
  • Reactants: Acetic acid, ADP+P, 3 NAD+, FAD
  • Products: 2CO2, 2ATP, 3 NADH, FADH2 (energy carrier)
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN:
  • concentration gradient similar to photosynthesis,
  • H+ ions move from high concentration to low concentration by diffusion,
  • fuels ATP sythase to create ATP from ADP (34 total)
  • O2 is final electron acceptor, bonds with H+ to form H2O
AEROBIC VS. ANAEROBIC:
  • example of anaerobic function: sprinting
  • anaerobic: doesn't require oxygen
  • aerobic: requires oxygen
  • facultative anaerobe can break down with or without oxygen
  • obligate anaerobe is poisoned by oxygen
  • obligate aerobe dependent on oxygen to survive
  • body cells facultative anaerobes
  • human body is an obligate aerobe
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION:
  • Only 2 ATP produced compared to 34-38 in cellular respiration
  • anaerobic glycolysis is included in process
  • lactic acid is waste product
  • anaerobic
ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION:
  • Yeast produces ethyl alcohol and CO2
  • anaerobic
Next Scribe: Sonali

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