April 19. 2011

Notes:
GLYCOLYSIS:

• 6 carbons in, 6 carbons out (glucose, 2 pyruvic acid)
• 2 ATP needed at beginning as investment
• 4 ATP released, 2 ATP gained at end
• REMEMBER: break bond--> release energy. form bond--> store potential energy

GLYCOLYSIS TO KREBS CYCLE:

• 2 Reactants: NAD+ and Coenzyme A
• 3 Products: CO2, NADH (potential energy/energy carrier), Acetyl-CoA

KREBS CYCLE:

• 6 carbons in, 6 carbons out
• Reactants: Acetic acid, ADP+P, 3 NAD+, FAD
• Products: 2CO2, 2ATP, 3 NADH, FADH2 (energy carrier)

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN:

• concentration gradient similar to photosynthesis,
• H+ ions move from high concentration to low concentration by diffusion,
• fuels ATP sythase to create ATP from ADP (34 total)
• O2 is final electron acceptor, bonds with H+ to form H2O

AEROBIC VS. ANAEROBIC:

• example of anaerobic function: sprinting
• anaerobic: doesn't require oxygen
• aerobic: requires oxygen
• facultative anaerobe can break down with or without oxygen
• obligate anaerobe is poisoned by oxygen
• obligate aerobe dependent on oxygen to survive
• body cells facultative anaerobes
• human body is an obligate aerobe

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION:

• Only 2 ATP produced compared to 34-38 in cellular respiration
• anaerobic glycolysis is included in process
• lactic acid is waste product
• anaerobic

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION:

• Yeast produces ethyl alcohol and CO2
• anaerobic

Next Scribe: Sonali